The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (also known as AMPA receptor, AMPAR, or quisqualate receptor) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate (iGluR) that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS). It has been traditionally classified as a non-NMDA-type receptor, along with the kainate receptor. AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptor antagonists are a class of drugs that act on the glutamate neurotransmitter system in the central nervous system. The mechanism of action of AMPA receptor antagonists involves blocking or inhibiting the activity of AMPA receptors, which are a type of ionotropic glutamate receptor. These receptors are responsible for mediating fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain.
AMPA Receptor Antagonists are used for the potential treatment of CNS disorders, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, endocrine system diseases, headache disorders, migraine, sensation disorders, alcohol-related disorders, heart diseases, and autoimmune diseases to name a few. The rising prevalence of neurological diseases and metabolic diseases due to changing lifestyles are the key drivers for the AMPA Receptor Antagonists market. For instance, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that migraine affects over 1 billion people worldwide by 2021. It is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders globally. Launch of newer products by the market players could seek opportunities that influence extensive research and development in AMPA Receptor Antagonists. For instance, Eisai launched Fycompa (Perampanel) for the treatment of seizures. Moreover, the development of novel molecules by many market players is coming up to overcome challenges in therapy. For instance, Novartis Selurampanel (BGG492) for the indication of partial epilepsies is under the various stages of clinical studies.
Key Market Developments:
In May 2023, Eisai completed a phase 4 clinical investigation to evaluate the Effects of Perampanel on neurophysiology test perimeters which are being used for the treatment of epilepsy, partial epilepsies, seizures, and tonic-clonic epilepsy.
Approved Drug Molecules and Brand Names for AMPA Receptor Antagonists:
- Fycompa (Perampanel)
- Qsymia (Topiramate/Phentermine)
Drugs under the Pipeline for AMPA Receptor Antagonists:
- Selurampanel (BGG492)
- ES-481
- E2082
- Dasolampanel (NGX-426)
- Perampanel IV
- Tezampanel (LY-293558)
Clinical Activity and Developments of AMPA Receptor Antagonists:
Till July 2023, more than 10 companies have approximately 11 molecules targetting many CNS diseases. For these molecules, more than 60 clinical trials are being conducted and the majority are in phase-2, and phase-3 clinical trials by the players across the globe. For instance,
In May 2023, VIVUS completed phase 4, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind study to compare the effects of VI-0521, Phentermine, and placebo on ambulatory blood pressure in overweight or obese subjects.
|
Molecule Name |
Number of Studies |
|
Selurampanel (BGG492) |
10 |
|
ES-481 |
6 |
|
E2082 |
2 |
|
Dasolampanel (NGX-426) |
1 |
|
Perampanel IV |
1 |
Target Indication Analysis of AMPA Receptor Antagonists
The molecules such as Fycompa (Perampanel) were developed by Eisai and specifically indicated for the treatment of partial-onset seizures with or without secondarily generalized seizures in patients with epilepsy 4 years of age and older and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures in patients with epilepsy 12 years of age and older. Fycompa is supplied as a tablet for oral administration or as an oral suspension. Moreover, Vivus molecule Qsymia (Topiramate/Phentermine) is indicated to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity for chronic weight management in adult patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 or greater (obese), in the presence of at least one weight-related comorbidity such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or dyslipidemia.
Regional Analysis
AMPA Receptor Antagonists Market
The total annual sale of Eisai’s Fycompa (Perampanel) was JPY 18.9 billion in FY2021 in the US. To date, FYCOMPA is approved in over 70 countries including the United States, Japan, and Europe, and had been used to treat more than 500,000 patients worldwide across different indications. Eisai divesting its US rights to its anti-epileptic drug Fycompa (Perampanel) to Catalyst Pharmaceuticals. Eisai has also granted Catalyst an exclusive option period to evaluate and negotiate the acquisition of a rare epilepsy compound in Eisai's pipeline. Eisai will maintain its rights to Fycompa in countries and regions outside the USA and continue to contribute to patients with epilepsy. Closing of the transaction is contingent on the completion of the review under antitrust laws in the USA. Moreover, the rising prevalence of CNS disorders and the aging population as well as increasing R&D investments are important growth drivers for the AMPA Receptor Antagonists market. For instance, according to report findings, Epilepsy is a serious neurological condition that affects more than 50 million individuals globally, 80% of whom live in developing countries; projected to create a lucrative opportunity for the AMPA receptor antagonist market.
Latin America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Middle East
North America
Frequently Asked Questions
Fycompa (Perampanel), and Qsymia (Topiramate/Phentermine) are the few FDA- approved AMPA Receptor Antagonists.
The total annual sale of Eisai’s Fycompa (Perampanel) was JPY 18.9 billion in FY2021 in the US.
Eisai, Catalyst Pharma, and Novartis are a few leading market players in AMPA Receptor Antagonists.
Major Indications for AMPA Receptor Antagonists are NS disorders, diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, endocrine system diseases, headache disorders, and migraine to name a few.
There are total of 6 molecules that are in Phase-1, Phase-2, and Phase-3 clinical development.
Key Features of the Reports
- The report provides granular level information about the market size, regional market share, historic market (2019-2023), and forecast (2024-2030)
- The report covers in-detail insights about the competitor’s overview, company share analysis, key market developments, and their key strategies
- The report outlines drivers, restraints, unmet needs, and trends that are currently affecting the market
- The report tracks recent innovations, key developments, and start-up details that are actively working in the market
- The report provides a plethora of information about market entry strategies, regulatory framework, and reimbursement scenario
- Eisai
- Catalyst Pharma
- Novartis
- ES Therap
- Horizon Therapeutics
- Proniras Corp