DRD2 Agonists Market: Competitive Landscape, Pipeline, and Market Analysis 2024

D2 receptors are members of the heptahelical G protein–coupled receptor superfamily, and they activate the αi subunits, which leads to the inhibition of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesis. A dopamine agonist (DA) is a compound that activates dopamine receptors. There are two families of dopamine receptors, D2-like and D1-like, all G protein-coupled receptors. Dopamine receptor D2, also known as D2R, is a protein in humans encoded by the DRD2 gene. Dopamine receptor DRD2 regulates the synthesis, storage, and release of dopamine. Mutations in the DRD2 gene can inhibit dopamine production and activity, leading to psychiatric and psychotic effects as well as an increased risk for addiction and neuropsychiatric diseases.

Dopamine D2 receptor activation induces pathways involved in cell differentiation, growth, metabolism, and apoptosis. DRD2 Agonists are used to treat CNS disorders, movement disorders, brain diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, psychotic disorders, dyskinesias, Parkinson's diseases, neuromuscular diseases, rheumatic diseases, Schizophrenia, sleep disorders, Alzheimer's diseases, bipolar disorders, delirium, dementia, depression, and obesity. According to the World Health Organization 2022, Schizophrenia affects approximately 24 million people or 1 in 300 people (0.32%) worldwide. This rate is 1 in 222 people (0.45%) among adults. It is not as common as many other mental disorders. Onset is most often during late adolescence and the twenties, and onset tends to happen earlier among men than women.

The launch of newer products by the market players significantly enhances the revenue of the DRD2 Agonists market over the forecast years. For instance, Salix Pharmaceuticals cycloset (bromocriptine mesylate) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Kynmobi (apomorphine hydrochloride) for treatment of Parkinson's disease.Boehringer Ingelheim's Mirapex (pramipexole dihydrochloride) for restless legs syndrome. Many market players are developing other molecules and developing more treatment options. For instance, Newton's sarizotan (EMD128130) for the antipsychotic effect and UCB's rotigotine intranasal (SPM 952) for Parkinson's disease are under various stages of clinical studies.

Key Market Developments:

• In May 2020, FDA has approved Sunovion’s Kynmobi (apomorphine hydrochloride) sublingual film for the treatment of parkinson disease.
• In December 2022, FDA has approved Abbvie’s Vraylar (cariprazine) as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adult.

Approved Drug Molecules for DRD2 Agonist along with the Brand Names:

• Cycloset (bromocriptine mesylate)
• Kynmobi (apomorphine hydrochloride)
• Mirapex (pramipexole dihydrochloride)
• Vraylar (cariprazine)
• Neupro (rotigotine transdermal)
• Aristada (aripiprazole lauroxil)
• Norprolac (quinagolide)
• Teluron (terguride)
• Domin (talipexole)

Drugs under the Pipeline for DRD2 Agonist:

• Rotigotine XR Microspheres (LY03003)
• Sarizotan (EMD128130)
• Quinagolide Vaginal Ring (FE-999051)
• Lu AF28996
• Pramipexole/Rasagiline (P2B001)
• Rotigotine Intranasal (SPM 952)
• Pramipexole ER (CTC-413)
• Pramipexole Immediate Release (CTC-501)

Clinical Activity and Developments of DRD2 Agonists  molecules:

• In February 2010, FDA approved Mirapepex ER (E objective the the pramipexole dihydrochloride) for the early Parkinsons disease based on the efficacy results from single randomised, double- blind, placebo-controlled, three-paralllel group clinical trial.
• In March 2016, FDA approved Aristada (aripiprazole lauroxil) injection for the treatment of schizophrenia based on the result of international, placebo-controlled, phase-3 clonical trial.