Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) is a protein-coupled by a G protein-coupled receptor. DRD2 autoreceptor activation protects dopamine neurons from cell death, and D2R mediates cognitive flexibility in humans. DRD2 partial agonists act by mediating an intermediate level of dopaminergic neuronal tone between full agonist and antagonist of the D2 receptor, and the partial agonism allows the drugs to stimulate D2 receptors under low dopamine conditions while attenuating their activation when dopamine levels are high. DRD2 Partial Agonists are indicated for DRD1 antagonists are used in the treatment of schizophrenia, management of acute manic or mixed episodes in patients with bipolar I disorder, major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, psychosis associated with Parkinson’s disease, and others. Gedeon Richter, BMS, AbbVie, Seelos Therapeutics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Jiangsu Kanion Pharma, and Reviva Pharmaceuticals are major players in the DRD2 partial agonists market.
Approved Drug Molecules and Brand Names for DRD2 Partial Agonists:
- Aripiprazole
- Rexulti (Brexpiprazole)
- Vraylar (Cariprazine)
- Abilify Maintena (Aripiprazole depot formulation)
- Abilify MyCite (Aripiprazole tablets embedded with sensor)
- Brexpiprazole QW (OPC-34712 once weekly)
- Abilify Asimtufii (Aripiprazole two-month)
Drugs under the Pipeline for DRD2 Partial Agonists:
- Pardoprunox (SLV-308)
- Aplindore (SLS-006)
- TPN-672
- Brilaroxazine (RP5063)
- JX11502MA
Key Market Developments:
- In Jun 2023, Otsuka Pharmaceutical announced its intention to submit regulatory filings to PMDA (Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency) for Agitation Associated with Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease for Rexulti (brexpiprazole).
- In Jun 2023, AbbVie announced reimbursement under the Non-Insured Health Benefits (NIHB) Program for Cariprazine for the treatment of schizophrenia in Canada.
Clinical Activity and Developments of DRD2 Partial Agonists:
Currently, there are 12 drug products in the DRD2 partial agonists, including seven approved drug products and the rest of them are in the clinical development phases.
- In Apr 2023, Otsuka Pharmaceutical released safety and pharmacokinetics data from a phase-I trial in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia for Aripiprazole.
- In May 2023, Reviva Pharmaceuticals released pharmacodynamics data from a preclinical trial in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis for Brilaroxazine.
|
Molecule Name |
Number of Studies |
|
Pardoprunox (SLV-308) |
13 |
|
Aplindore (SLS-006) |
4 |
|
TPN-672 |
2 |
|
Brilaroxazine (RP5063) |
2 |
|
JX11502MA |
1 |
Target Indication Analysis of DRD2 Partial Agonists
DRD2 partial agonists such as Aripiprazole, Cariprazine, and Brexpiprazole are indicated in the treatment of conditions such as autistic disorder, bipolar disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, major depressive disorder, and Schizophrenia. DRD2 partial agonists are also in the clinical investigational phases for agitation, pervasive child development disorders, post-traumatic stress disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and others.
Regional Analysis of DRD2 Partial Agonists:
Otsuka Pharmaceutical’s total sales for Abilify Maintena were USD 634 million, and for Rexulti were USD 641 million in Q1 of 2023. According to the World Health Organization’s report on Mental Disorders, in 2019, 970 million people globally were living with a mental disorder, including 52.4% females and 47.6% males. About 301 million people had anxiety disorders with the highest percentage in upper middle-income countries, 280 million had depressive disorders with the highest percentage in lower middle-income countries in 2019. Schizophrenia affected approximately 24 million people in 2019. People with bipolar disorder were 40 million in number in 2019. The prevalence of mental disorders in the USA was 15.6%, 14.7% in Eastern Mediterranean, 14.2% in Europe, 13.2% in South-East Asia, 11.7% in the Western Pacific, and 10.9% in Africa. Moreover, before the pandemic, an estimated 193 million people had major depressive disorder, which became 246 million after the pandemic. Increasing cases of mental disorders will prove to be a growth driver for the DRD2 partial agonists market.
Latin America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Middle East
North America
Frequently Asked Questions
Aripiprazole, Rexulti (Brexpiprazole), Vraylar (Cariprazine), and Abilify Maintena (Aripiprazole depot formulation) are some of the approved DRD2 partial agonists.
Gedeon Richter, BMS, AbbVie, Seelos Therapeutics, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Jiangsu Kanion Pharma, and Reviva Pharmaceuticals are some of the major players in the DRD2 partial agonists market.
Major indications for DRD2 partial agonists are autistic disorder, bipolar disorders, Tourette’s syndrome, major depressive disorder, and Schizophrenia.
There are a total of five molecules in the clinical development phases for DRD2 partial agonists.
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- The report provides granular level information about the market size, regional market share, historic market (2019-2023), and forecast (2024-2030)
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- Gedeon Richter
- BMS
- AbbVie
- Seelos Therapeutics
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharma
- Reviva Pharmaceuticals
- Zhejiang Jingxin Pharma