Glycine, a non-essential amino acid, plays a critical role in various physiological processes, serving as a building block for proteins and a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Acting primarily on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, glycine functions as a co-agonist, enhancing the activity of glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter. This mechanism is essential for synaptic transmission and neuroplasticity. Glycine also acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord, regulating pain perception. Due to its diverse functions, glycine has therapeutic implications in several diseases. In schizophrenia, glycine and its synthetic analog, D-cycloserine, are being investigated for their potential to augment antipsychotic therapy. Additionally, glycine is explored as a complementary treatment for major depressive disorder and has shown promising results in alleviating symptoms of schizophrenia. Furthermore, glycine-based therapies can potentially reduce neuropathic pain, offering hope for individuals suffering from chronic pain conditions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), schizophrenia affects about 20 million people globally, emphasizing the significance of research on glycine's role in mental health and neurology. Continued investigation into glycine's mechanisms and therapeutic applications may pave the way for innovative treatments across various diseases. Extensive research is being conducted to find new and novel molecules to prevent and cure these diseases like Schizophrenia. The development and launch of more unique products by the market players will significantly enhance the revenue of the IL-6/IL-6 Receptors market over the forecast years.
A number of these inhibitors are in the market, while many are in ongoing clinical trials. Companies in their pipelines have 15 products in various stages of clinical trials. 2 products are in Phase 3, 4 products are in Phase 2, and 1 development is in Phase 1 of the clinical trials.
Drugs in Pipeline
- iclepertin (BI425809)
- bitopertin (DISC-1459)
- MK-8435
- PF-03463275
- AMG 747
- GLY 230
- MK 2637
Clinical Activity and Developments of Glycine
As of July 2023, 15 products for 36 diseases are in clinical trials. For instance,
- Boehringer Ingelheim is conducting a Phase 3 clinical trial to Examine the efficacy and safety of Iclepertin once daily over 26 Week treatment period in patients with Schizophrenia that is expected to complete by January 2025.
- Disc Medicine Inc. is conducting a Phase 3 clinical trial to investigate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of DISC-1459 (Bitopertin) in participants with Erythropoietic Protoporphyria (EPP) that is expected to complete by June 2028.
- In December 2018, Yale University conducted a Phase 2 clinical trial to test the efficacy of treatment with one of two doses of a glycine transporter inhibitor (GlyT1I) combined with cognitive remediation to enhance cognitive function.
|
Molecule name |
Number of studies |
|
iclepertin (BI425809) |
27 |
|
bitopertin (DISC-1459) |
26 |
|
MK-8435 |
5 |
|
PF-03463275 |
4 |
|
AMG 747 |
2 |
Target Indication Analysis of Glycine
Glycine, the essential amino acid, finds various applications in medicine, with some indications being particularly prominent. One of the primary uses of glycine is in treating schizophrenia, where it is utilized as an adjunct to antipsychotic medications to enhance their efficacy and alleviate symptoms. Additionally, glycine has demonstrated therapeutic potential in major depressive disorder, acting as a supportive treatment in improving mood and overall well-being. In the context of neuropathic pain, glycine-based therapies are explored for their ability to modulate pain signals, providing relief to individuals suffering from chronic pain conditions. Furthermore, glycine has been investigated for its potential role in neuroprotection after ischemic brain injury, showing promise in preserving neuronal function and reducing damage. As research continues, glycine's applications may extend to other areas, such as cognitive enhancement and immune system support, further expanding its significance in the realm of medical treatments.
Glycine Market Regional Analysis
Glycine Market
According to the WHO 2019 report, 280 million people worldwide, including 23 million children and adolescents, suffer from depression, while 40 million individuals worldwide have bipolar disorder. 24 million individuals worldwide suffer from schizophrenia. Although the prevalence and incidence rates of neurological and psychotic diseases vary by gender, area, and age factors, they have been rising globally for several decades, creating a market opportunity for all parties involved. According to , anxiety disorders are one of the most common disorders in the USA affecting nearly 40 million adults every year. It can be treated but only 36.9% of the patients receive a treatment opening a huge opportunity for the global players.
Latin America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Middle East
North America
Frequently Asked Questions
Currently, no Glycine analogue has been approved by the FDA.
These are being used in various indications like Schizophrenia, Psychotic and cognition disorders and many others.
Boehringer Ingelheim, Disc Medicine Inc, Merck (MSD) and Pfizer are some of the major market players for IL-6/IL-6 Receptors
Rising incidence of diseases improvement in technologies, development of new treatment lines in the market and changing lifestyles leading to different type of Neurological and Psychotic diseases are the key opportunities for IL-6/IL-6 Receptors in the market.
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- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Disc Medicine Inc
- Merck (MSD)
- Pfizer
- Amgen
- Glycadia Pharmaceuticals