Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles s Market: By Power Source, By Powertrain, By Vehicle Type and Region Forecast 2020-2031

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Global Industry Analysis: By Power Source (Stored electricity, On-Board electric generator), By Powertrain (Series Hybrid, Parallel Hybrid, combined Hybrid), By Vehicle Type (Passenger Cars, Commercial Vehicles, two Wheelers, Others) and Region Forecast 2020-2031

Report ID: 755547 | Published Date: Jul 2025 | No. of Pages: 197 | Format: Report available in PDF format Report available in Excel Format

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market size was valued at US$ 7,800 million in 2024 and is expected to reach US$ 14,200 million by 2031, growing at a significant CAGR of 12.5% from 2025-2031. Moreover, the U.S. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) Market is projected to grow significantly, reaching an estimated value of US$ 5,300 million by 2031. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are emerging as the strategic middle ground in the world's transition away from internal combustion and towards all-electric mobility. Between conventional vehicles and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), PHEVs provide the pragmatic benefit of dual propulsion, electric power augmented by gasoline-fueled range extension. This dual-mode design appeals to broad sets of consumers, especially in those markets where charging infrastructure is still under development.

As regulatory systems constrict tighter around fuel economy and emissions requirements, PHEVs are not merely compliance options, but an operating, near-term solution to consumers and manufacturers working within the complexity of range anxiety, energy transformation, and sustainability stress without sacrificing driving freedom. The market stands out for its capacity to benefit from both the incentives of electrification and consumer experience with combustion technology. North American, European, and Asian governments continue to provide policy incentives in the form of subsidies, tax credits, and access benefits in urban areas, driving adoption.

At the same time, improvements in battery energy density and regenerative braking technology are optimizing overall efficiency for PHEVs so that they are no longer transitional technologies in themselves, they are now optimizing, standalone vehicles. While manufacturers step up electrified lineups without abandoning gasoline systems entirely, PHEVs are in themselves a main product category balancing market readiness and innovation velocity.

Facts & Figures

  • PHEVs now account for more than a third of the total hybrid and electric car sales in Europe because of favorable tax conditions, urban access advantages, and city driver adjustments to charging habits.
  • Future-generation PHEVs have seen electric-only range expand by more than 60% since 2019, allowing many buyers to travel on pure battery alone for their normal daily journeys without the need to switch on the combustion engine
  • China dominates worldwide PHEV production capacity, with local companies offering plug-in hybrid versions in mid-size and premium SUV segments to balance range and conformity requirements
  • Automakers are tactically utilizing PHEVs as bridging vehicles to address increasingly stringent fleet-average emissions regulations by making periodic use of them as stepping stones in electrification strategies to insulate against glacial adoption of BEVs in infrastructure-limited markets.                 

Key Developments:

  • In June 2025, Geely Galaxy M9: Released in Milan, the Galaxy M9 is a full-sized SUV with Geely's NordThor AI Hybrid-2.0 EM-P powertrain. Offers up to ~185-km electric range and high-tech interior with 30″ display and lidar?based AI agent. Begins production in 2025.
  • In February 2025, China's subcompact sedan launched in January, powered by BYD's fifth-generation DM-i plug-in hybrid technology (e-CVT platform, blade-type LFP battery). On sale from February 10, with a maximum electric-only range of up to ~100–120-km, and equipped with advanced driver-assistance tech.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market segmentation:

Based on the power source:

  • Stored Electricity
  • On-Board Electricity Generator

Stored electricity is still the foundation of PHEV powertrains, leading to mass adoption owing to relative complexity, scalability, and availability of existing charging infrastructure. In this sub-segment, the energy is stored in lithium-ion batteries with high density, enabling vehicles to run in full-electric mode over shorter distances and seamlessly move to internal combustion as needed. The attractiveness of such a setup lies in its capacity to greatly lower fuel use without calling for the total behavioural change of consumers. Consumers take pleasure in the comfort of home or roadside pump charging. With improving battery technology, faster and higher density charging, stored power is the preference, particularly among city dwellers who value cost savings and sustainability.

Based on the powertrain:

  • Series Hybrid
  • Parallel Hybrid
  • Combined Hybrid

Stored electricity is still the foundation of PHEV powertrains, leading to mass adoption owing to relative complexity, scalability, and availability of existing charging infrastructure. In this sub-segment, the energy is stored in lithium-ion batteries with high density, enabling vehicles to run in full-electric mode over shorter distances and seamlessly move to internal combustion as needed. The attractiveness of such a setup lies in its capacity to greatly lower fuel use without calling for the total behavioral change of consumers. Consumers take pleasure in the comfort of home or roadside pump charging. With improving battery technology, faster and higher density charging, stored power is the preference, particularly among city dwellers who value cost savings and sustainability.

Based on the vehicle type:

  • Passenger Cars
  • Commercial Vehicles
  • Two wheelers
  • Others

Passenger cars dominate the PHEV landscape, driven by rising urbanization, growing environmental awareness, and demand for daily-use vehicles that blend convenience with sustainability. Within this segment, mid-size and compact sedans and SUVs are leading the charge, offering flexibility for both city and suburban use. Automakers are aligning their product strategies with consumer expectations, developing PHEVs that offer extended electric-only range, intelligent regenerative braking, and premium infotainment systems. This segment benefits from favorable tax incentives and urban regulations, especially in markets like the U.S., China, and parts of Europe. Increasing interest among first-time EV buyer’s positions PHEV passenger cars as an accessible gateway to electric mobility without range anxiety.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Summary

Study Period

2025 - 2031

Base Year

2024

CAGR

12.5%

Largest Market

North-America

Fastest Growing Market

Asia-Pacific

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Dynamics

Drivers

A major driver for the market is the increasing stringency of emission regulations and global climate commitments. Governments worldwide are implementing aggressive policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat air pollution, pushing automakers to transition away from purely internal combustion engines. PHEVs offer an attractive solution as they significantly reduce tailpipe emissions while providing flexibility through their hybrid operation. Incentive programs such as tax credits, rebates, and subsidies further encourage consumers to adopt PHEVs, making them more financially accessible.

In regions like Europe and China, regulatory frameworks such as fleet-wide CO? emission targets and urban low-emission zones are accelerating the shift toward hybrid and electric drivetrains. As a result, automakers are investing heavily in expanding their PHEV lineups to meet compliance standards and capture market share. This regulatory pressure, combined with consumer interest in environmentally friendly vehicles, strongly propels market growth.

Restraints

Despite their environmental advantages, PHEVs face significant restraints, primarily related to their higher upfront costs and battery-related challenges. The advanced technology integrated into PHEVs, including dual powertrains and large-capacity batteries, contributes to elevated production expenses, making these vehicles more expensive than conventional cars or even traditional hybrids. While government incentives help offset some costs, price sensitivity remains a barrier for many consumers, particularly in developing markets. Additionally, concerns about battery longevity and replacement costs deter potential buyers.

Over time, batteries may degrade, leading to reduced electric range and requiring costly replacements that can significantly impact the total cost of ownership. Limited availability of qualified service networks and charging infrastructure in some regions further exacerbates consumer hesitation. Together, these factors restrict broader adoption, especially among middle-income buyers, and present a key challenge that manufacturers and policymakers must address to sustain long-term PHEV market growth.

Opportunities

An important opportunity for the market lies in the rapid development and expansion of charging infrastructure and integration with smart grids. Governments and private sector players are heavily investing in building widespread, accessible charging networks to support the growing fleet of electric and hybrid vehicles. Enhanced charging infrastructure not only reduces range anxiety but also enables consumers to fully utilize the electric driving mode of PHEVs, maximizing fuel savings and emission reductions.

Furthermore, advancements in smart grid technology present opportunities for PHEVs to serve as distributed energy storage units, allowing for vehicle-to-grid (V2G) applications. Through this, PHEVs can contribute to grid stability by storing excess renewable energy and supplying power back to the grid during peak demand. This two-way energy flow provides additional value to both consumers and energy providers. As these infrastructural and technological advancements progress, they create strong market potential for PHEV adoption on a larger scale.

Trends

A notable trend shaping the Global PHEVs Market is the rising consumer preference for vehicles offering flexibility and dual-mode operation. Unlike battery electric vehicles (BEVs), PHEVs allow drivers to switch seamlessly between fully electric and hybrid modes, addressing range anxiety and the current limitations of charging networks. Many consumers view PHEVs as a practical transitional technology that combines the environmental benefits of electric driving with the reliability of gasoline backup for longer trips. Automakers are responding by launching new PHEV models across different segments, including SUVs, sedans, and luxury vehicles, to cater to diverse lifestyle needs.

Additionally, improvements in battery efficiency and electric range are making PHEVs increasingly attractive, enabling longer all-electric commutes in urban environments. Marketing campaigns highlighting this versatility, along with improved performance and lower operating costs, are further boosting consumer interest. This growing demand for flexibility is expected to sustain PHEV market momentum globally in the coming years.

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Segmentation Analysis

Report Benchmarks

Details

Report Study Period

2025 - 2031

Market Size in 2024

US$ 7,800 million

Market Size in 2031

US$ 14,200 million

Market CAGR

12.5%

By Power Source

  • Stored Electricity
  • On-Board Electricity Generator

By Powertrain

  • Series Hybrid
  • Parallel Hybrid
  • Combined Hybrid

By Vehicle Type

  • Passenger Cars
  • Commercial Vehicles
  • Two wheelers
  • Others

By Region

  • North America (U.S., Canada)
  • Europe (Germany, U.K., France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Rest of Europe)
  • Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Australia, Southeast Asia, Rest of Asia Pacific)
  • Latin America (Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Rest of Latin America)
  • Middle East & Africa (GCC, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, Rest of Middle East and Africa)

Analyst Review

According to PBI Analyst, the market is entering a critical growth phase, driven by the dual advantage of electrification and internal combustion flexibility. As governments tighten emissions regulations and infrastructure for EVs matures unevenly across regions, PHEVs are gaining momentum as pragmatic, regulatory-compliant mobility options. The segment is bolstered by improved battery technology, policy-backed subsidies, and rising consumer awareness of sustainable transport. North America leads due to its mature auto ecosystem and emission-driven policy pressure, while Asia-Pacific is evolving as a production and adoption hub, leveraging its battery supply chain and regional incentives. Automakers are strategically positioning PHEVs as permanent players, not transitional alternatives, in the electric vehicle roadmap.

Key Features of the Report

  • The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)s market report provides granular level information about the market size, regional market share, historic market (2020-2024), and forecast (2025-2031)
  • The report covers in-detail insights about the competitor’s overview, company share analysis, key market developments, and key strategies
  • The report outlines drivers, restraints, unmet needs, and trends that are currently affecting the market
  • The report tracks recent innovations, key developments, and start-up details that are actively working in the market
  • The report provides a plethora of information about market entry strategies, regulatory framework, and reimbursement scenario
  • The report analyses the impact of the socio-political environment through PESTLE Analysis and competition through Porter Five Force Analysis.

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Frequently Asked Questions

The plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV)s market size was valued at US$ 7,800 million in 2024 and is set to grow at a CAGR of 12.5% from 2025-2031.

The primary drivers are government incentives, emissions compliance targets, and rising demand for electrified mobility in regions where EV infrastructure is still developing.

A major trend is the increasing electric-only range of PHEVs, with advances in battery chemistry enabling longer daily commutes without using fuel.

Market research is segmented based on power source, powertrain, vehicle type, and region.

Asia-Pacific is the fastest-growing region due to increasing electrification mandates, local manufacturing capabilities, and rising demand in urban centers.

Content Updated Date: Jul 2025

1.Executive Summary
2.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Introduction 
2.1.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market  - Taxonomy
2.2.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market  - Definitions
2.2.1.Power Source
2.2.2.Powertrain
2.2.3.Vehicle Type
2.2.4.Region
3.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Dynamics
3.1. Drivers
3.2. Restraints
3.3. Opportunities/Unmet Needs of the Market
3.4. Trends
3.5. Product Landscape
3.6. New Product Launches
3.7. Impact of COVID 19 on Market
4.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031
4.1.  Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
4.2.  Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) 
4.3.  Market Opportunity Analysis 
5.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market  By Power Source, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
5.1. Stored Electricity
5.1.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
5.1.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
5.1.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
5.2. On-Board Electricity Generator
5.2.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
5.2.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
5.2.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
6.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market  By Powertrain, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
6.1. Series Hybrid
6.1.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
6.1.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
6.1.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
6.2. Parallel Hybrid
6.2.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
6.2.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
6.2.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
6.3. Combined Hybrid
6.3.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
6.3.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
6.3.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
7.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market  By Vehicle Type, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
7.1. Passenger Cars
7.1.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
7.1.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
7.1.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
7.2. Commercial Vehicles
7.2.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
7.2.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
7.2.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
7.3. Two wheelers
7.3.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
7.3.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
7.3.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
7.4. Others
7.4.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
7.4.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
7.4.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
8.Global Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market  By Region, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
8.1. North America
8.1.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
8.1.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
8.1.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
8.2. Europe
8.2.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
8.2.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
8.2.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
8.3. Asia Pacific (APAC)
8.3.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
8.3.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
8.3.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
8.4. Middle East and Africa (MEA)
8.4.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
8.4.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
8.4.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
8.5. Latin America
8.5.1. Market Analysis, 2020 - 2024 and Forecast, 2025 - 2031, (Sales Value USD Million)
8.5.2. Year-Over-Year (Y-o-Y) Growth Analysis (%) and Market Share Analysis (%) 
8.5.3. Market Opportunity Analysis 
9.North America Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market ,2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
9.1. Power Source Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
9.1.1.Stored Electricity
9.1.2.On-Board Electricity Generator
9.2.  Powertrain Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
9.2.1.Series Hybrid
9.2.2.Parallel Hybrid
9.2.3.Combined Hybrid
9.3.  Vehicle Type Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
9.3.1.Passenger Cars
9.3.2.Commercial Vehicles
9.3.3.Two wheelers
9.3.4.Others
9.4.  Country Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
9.4.1.United States of America (USA)
9.4.2.Canada
10.Europe Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market ,2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
10.1. Power Source Analysis  and Forecast  by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
10.1.1.Stored Electricity
10.1.2.On-Board Electricity Generator
10.2.  Powertrain Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
10.2.1.Series Hybrid
10.2.2.Parallel Hybrid
10.2.3.Combined Hybrid
10.3.  Vehicle Type Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
10.3.1.Passenger Cars
10.3.2.Commercial Vehicles
10.3.3.Two wheelers
10.3.4.Others
10.4.  Country Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
10.4.1.Germany
10.4.2.France
10.4.3.Italy
10.4.4.United Kingdom (UK)
10.4.5.Spain
11.Asia Pacific (APAC) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market ,2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
11.1. Power Source Analysis  and Forecast  by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
11.1.1.Stored Electricity
11.1.2.On-Board Electricity Generator
11.2.  Powertrain Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
11.2.1.Series Hybrid
11.2.2.Parallel Hybrid
11.2.3.Combined Hybrid
11.3.  Vehicle Type Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
11.3.1.Passenger Cars
11.3.2.Commercial Vehicles
11.3.3.Two wheelers
11.3.4.Others
11.4.  Country Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
11.4.1.China
11.4.2.India
11.4.3.Australia and New Zealand (ANZ)
11.4.4.Japan
11.4.5.Rest of APAC
12.Middle East and Africa (MEA) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market ,2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
12.1. Power Source Analysis  and Forecast  by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
12.1.1.Stored Electricity
12.1.2.On-Board Electricity Generator
12.2.  Powertrain Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
12.2.1.Series Hybrid
12.2.2.Parallel Hybrid
12.2.3.Combined Hybrid
12.3.  Vehicle Type Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
12.3.1.Passenger Cars
12.3.2.Commercial Vehicles
12.3.3.Two wheelers
12.3.4.Others
12.4.  Country Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
12.4.1.GCC Countries
12.4.2.South Africa
12.4.3.Rest of MEA
13.Latin America Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV)s Market ,2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 (Sales Value USD Million)
13.1. Power Source Analysis  and Forecast  by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
13.1.1.Stored Electricity
13.1.2.On-Board Electricity Generator
13.2.  Powertrain Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
13.2.1.Series Hybrid
13.2.2.Parallel Hybrid
13.2.3.Combined Hybrid
13.3.  Vehicle Type Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
13.3.1.Passenger Cars
13.3.2.Commercial Vehicles
13.3.3.Two wheelers
13.3.4.Others
13.4.  Country Analysis 2020 - 2024 and Forecast 2025 - 2031 by Sales Value USD Million, Y-o-Y Growth (%), and Market Share (%) 
13.4.1.Brazil
13.4.2.Mexico
13.4.3.Rest of LA
14. Competition Landscape
14.1.  Market Player Profiles (Introduction, Brand/Product Sales, Financial Analysis, Product Offerings, Key Developments, Collaborations, M & A, Strategies, and SWOT Analysis) 
14.2.1.Nissan Motor Co., Ltd
14.2.2.Mercedes-Benz Group AG
14.2.3.General Motors
14.2.4.Renault Group
14.2.5.Ford Motor Company
14.2.6.BMW Group
14.2.7.Honda Motor Co., Ltd
14.2.8.Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd
14.2.9.Toyota Motor Corporation
15. Research Methodology 
16. Appendix and Abbreviations 

Key Market Players

  • Nissan Motor Co., Ltd
  • Mercedes-Benz Group AG
  • General Motors
  • Renault Group
  • Ford Motor Company
  • BMW Group
  • Honda Motor Co., Ltd
  • Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd
  • Toyota Motor Corporation

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