Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Global Industry Analysis: By Drug Class (Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERAs), Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors (PDE-5is), Prostacyclin and Prostacyclin Analogs, Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) Stimulators, Calcium Channel Blockers, Others), Route of Administration (Oral, Inhalation, Intravenous/Subcutaneous Injection, Others), End User (Hospitals & Clinics, Specialty Centers, Homecare Settings, Others) and Region 2020-2031

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market was valued at US$ 8,250.0 million in 2024 and is projected to reach US$ 11,921.7 million by 2031 at a CAGR of 5.4%. The market refers to the global industry focused on the development, manufacturing, and commercialization of therapeutic solutions used for the treatment of PAH a chronic and progressive disorder characterized by high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs. This market encompasses a wide range of products including prostacyclin analogs, endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs), phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5is), and soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulators, as well as emerging therapies in clinical development. The PAH market is experiencing steady growth, driven by increasing awareness, improved diagnostic techniques, and advancements in drug development.

Rising prevalence of PAH, especially among women and the elderly, coupled with ongoing research into combination therapies and novel drug delivery systems, are key contributors to market expansion. Additionally, the approval of new targeted treatments and orphan drug designations by regulatory authorities further supports market growth. However, high treatment costs and the rarity of the disease pose challenges to broader adoption and accessibility. The market is characterized by strong competition among leading pharmaceutical companies and a growing pipeline of innovative therapies aimed at improving patient outcomes.

Facts & Figures

• In 2021, approximately 192,000 individuals globally were living with PAH, with an uncertainty interval ranging from 155,000 to 236,000 cases, according to the Global Burden of Disease study
• PAH remains a rare condition, with adult prevalence estimated between 47–55 cases per million, and incidence of around 5.8 new cases per million per year, based on registries from centralized healthcare systems
• The disease disproportionately affects women, with reported female to male ratios of approximately 1.7 to 1 up to nearly 5 to 1 in major registries; idiopathic PAH most commonly appears in females aged 30–60 years
• Survival has improved: earlier NIH registry data (1980s) showed median survival of ~2.8 years post  diagnosis, while more recent registries (e.g. REVEAL) report 1-year survival rates of 89–96% and 3-year survival of 73–77%, reflecting better patient outcomes due to modern therapies

Key Developments

• In March 2024, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved sotatercept (brand name Winrevair) for adult PAH patients, marking the first approval of an activin signaling inhibitor targeting vascular cell proliferation in over a decade. Clinical trials including data supported by UC Health and University of Cincinnati researchers demonstrated meaningful improvements in exercise tolerance, reduced risk of clinical worsening, and potential reversal of disease progression
• In March 2024, The FDA also granted approval for the fixed?dose combination tablet of macitentan and tadalafil (Opsynvi) as a once?daily oral therapy for PAH (WHO functional class II–III). Clinical data from the A DUE trial showed meaningful gains in pulmonary vascular resistance versus monotherapy, solidifying its role as a new guideline?backed option
• In May 2025, The FDA approved Yutrepia (treprostinil inhalation powder), the first dry?powder prostacyclin analog for PAH and pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease. Based on results from the Phase 3 INSPIRE trial, the therapy offers an easy?to?use, low?inspiratory?effort device, and improves exercise capacity while demonstrating favourable safety and tolerability

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Market Segmentation:

Based on the drug class

• Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERAs)
• Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors (PDE-5is)
• Prostacyclin and Prostacyclin Analogs
• Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) Stimulators
• Calcium Channel Blockers
• Others

Among the various drug classes, Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERAs) are anticipated to lead the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) market due to their proven efficacy and widespread clinical adoption. These drugs work by blocking the action of endothelin, a potent vasoconstrictor that plays a central role in PAH pathophysiology. ERAs, such as bosentan, ambrisentan, and macitentan, have demonstrated significant improvements in exercise capacity and delay in disease progression. Their availability in oral formulations enhances patient compliance, further supporting their market dominance. The continued expansion of clinical guidelines recommending ERAs as a first-line treatment further fuels their demand, making them the frontrunner in the drug class segment.

Based on the route of administration

• Oral
• Inhalation
• Intravenous/Subcutaneous Injection
• Others

Based on the route of administration, the oral segment is anticipated to dominate the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) market. Oral therapies offer enhanced convenience, better patient adherence, and reduced need for hospital-based administration compared to injectable or inhalation routes. Drugs such as endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors are primarily available in oral form, making them more accessible and widely prescribed. The growing preference among both patients and healthcare providers for non-invasive treatment options further supports this trend. Additionally, ongoing advancements in oral drug formulations and fixed-dose combination therapies are expected to strengthen the leadership of the oral route in the PAH treatment landscape.

Based on the end user

• Hospitals & Clinics
• Specialty Centers
• Homecare Settings
• Others

Based on the end user, hospitals and clinics are projected to remain the leading segment in the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) market. This dominance is primarily driven by the availability of advanced diagnostic tools, specialist care, and comprehensive treatment facilities within hospital settings. Patients with PAH often require continuous monitoring, titration of complex therapies, and access to emergency care services that are most reliably provided in hospitals and specialized clinics. Furthermore, hospitals are typically the first point of care following diagnosis, ensuring consistent patient inflow. The presence of multidisciplinary teams and structured treatment protocols also enhances patient outcomes, reinforcing the segment’s leading position.