Poland Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Market: By Therapy (Targeted Therapy, Hormonal Therapy, Chemotherapy, and Immunotherapy), By Cancer Type (Hormonal Receptor, HER2+), By Distribution Channels (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, and Others), and Region Forecast 2020-2031

Poland Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Market size was valued at US$ 185 million in 2024 and is projected to reach US$ 270 million by 2031, growing at a 5.5% CAGR from 2025–2031. The market for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is influenced by an increasing lung cancer incidence, evolving clinical practices, and increased access to targeted agents. Since one of the most common causes of cancer death in Poland, NSCLC poses an emerging public and private healthcare burden. Although Poland has improved in early diagnosis programs, especially through low-dose CT screening, most patients continue to be diagnosed at an advanced stage. The Polish Oncology Strategy is financing organized development in care pathways, but actual access to innovative treatments, particularly immunotherapies and therapies driven by biomarkers, continues to be unequal across regions. Consequently, clinical outcomes and standards of care vary according to treatment center and financing schemes.

As increasing public awareness and changing clinical infrastructure combine, the Polish NSCLC treatment landscape is shifting from one dominated by chemotherapy towards one that more and more incorporates precision oncology. Molecular testing rates have progressed in recent years as EGFR, ALK, and PD-L1 testing have become more standard, but there continues to be difficulty in achieving uniform adoption across all voivodeships. Innovative treatments, such as checkpoint inhibitors and new-generation TKIs, are slowly finding their way into treatment guidelines, but reimbursement schedules frequently slow market entry. Pharmaceutical players have a twofold challenge: coordinating innovation with public sector cost control and managing increasing patient demand for personalized, acceptable treatments. While Poland continues to develop its oncology infrastructure, NSCLC treatment is on track for quantifiable, yet patchy, change.

Facts & Figures

• In Poland, NSCLC accounts for over 80% of all lung cancer diagnoses, and most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, thus confirming the necessity for earlier diagnosis and better pathways of care.
• The adoption of PD-L1 testing has grown significantly in tertiary hospitals, paving the way for greater first-line utilization of immunotherapy and placing Poland closer to international treatment standards
• Greater recent inclusion of next-generation EGFR and ALK inhibitors in reimbursement programs has expanded access to precision therapeutics, especially in urban oncology centers with an advanced diagnostic infrastructure.
• Patient recruitment into NSCLC trials is growing, with Poland representing a desirable setting for EU-sponsored trials for uncommon mutations and combinations of immunotherapies, allowing patients to gain early access to innovative therapies.

Key Developments

• In April 2025, Novocure's Optune Lua® received CE Mark for metastatic NSCLC treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors or docetaxel, providing a new potential treatment option for patients who have progressed following platinum-based therapy in Poland.
• In May 2024, The European Commission's 2024 approval of tislelizumab for various NSCLC indications advocates for Poland's access in the future to more flexible and cost-effective immunotherapy regimens consistent with evolving ESMO guidelines and local efforts to expand checkpoint inhibitor choices.
• In October 2023, Takeda initiated global withdrawal of EXKIVITY® (mobocertinib) due to regulatory reasons, affecting treatment approach for Polish patients with under-served EGFR Exon20 insertion+ NSCLC and highlighting the importance of alternative targeted options in this under-served mutation sub-population.

Poland Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Nsclc Market Segmentation

Based on the molecular test

• PCR
• NGS
• FISH
• IHC
• Others

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) remains the most applied molecular test technique for NSCLC diagnosis in Poland due to cost factors, the speed with which results are obtained, and availability. PCR testing is especially prevalent for identifying current mutations like EGFR that directly affect first-line treatment regimens. Most local oncology institutions employ PCR as a front-line tool before referring more complicated cases to centralized NGS platforms. While next-generation sequencing is becoming increasingly popular, PCR is still a useful point of entry for molecular profiling in resource-constrained settings. Its role to streamline personalized treatment planning renders it such that patients can be given targeted agents sooner, and that is essential in late-stage NSCLC situations were timing influences outcomes significantly.

Based on the collection type

• Mediastinoscopy
• Bronchoscopy
• Needle biopsy
• Others

Needle biopsy remains the preferred option for sample procurement in diagnosing NSCLC in Poland, particularly if the tumours are in peripheral or inaccessible locations. Needle biopsy is a minimally invasive process that allows doctors to procure adequate tissue for histopathological examination and molecular analysis without requiring further lengthy surgical interventions. Its diagnostic accuracy, reduced recovery time, and suitability for image-guided technologies enable it to be an oncology department leader in both the public and private sector. As Poland continues to advance its diagnostic capabilities, needle biopsies are increasingly being paired with its real-time molecular testing protocols to decrease treatment initiation times. Their use in day-care and outpatient departments has also minimized diagnostic delays, enabling faster recruitment into customized therapy programs.

Based on the cancer type

• Adenocarcinoma
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• Large Cell Carcinoma
• Adenosquamous Carcinoma
• Others

Adenocarcinoma is the most common NSCLC subtype in Poland, particularly in non-smokers and women. Its molecular diversity makes it highly precious in precision oncology, with a significant proportion of patients harboring actionable mutations such as EGFR, ALK, or ROS1. This has prompted increasing use of biomarker testing and associated targeted therapy in adenocarcinoma. Polish oncology centers, especially the urban ones like Warsaw and Kraków, are developing optimized treatment-to-diagnostic protocols for adenocarcinoma. With clinical guidelines in practice giving more priority to early screening for biomarkers for this type, patients now gain earlier access to next-generation TKIs and immunotherapies, resulting in improved progression-free survival and better control of long-term disease.